Suppressive effects of natural reduced waters on alloxan-induced apoptosis and type 1 diabetes mellitus

Hanxu Yan, Kiichiro Teruya, Noboru Nakamichi, Sanetaka Shirahata, Taichi Kashiwagi, Takaaki Komatsu, Takeki Hamasaki, Tomoya Kinjo, Yoshitoki Ishii, Yuping Li, Zbigniew Gadek

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DOI: 10.1007/s10616-011-9414-1 DOI is the universal ID for this study.

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Abstract:

Insulin-producing cells express limited activities of anti-oxidative enzymes. Therefore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in these cells play a crucial role in cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus (DM) development is closely linked to higher ROS levels in insulin-producing cells. Hita Tenryosui Water(®) (Hita T. W., Hita, Japan) and Nordenau water (Nord. W., Nordenau, Germany), referred to as natural reduced waters (NRWs), scavenge ROS in cultured cells, and therefore, might be a possibility as an alternative to conventional pharmacological agents against DM. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of NRWs in alloxan (ALX)-induced β-cell apoptosis as well as in ALX-induced diabetic mice. NRWs equally suppressed DNA fragmentation levels. Hita T. W. and Nord. W. ameliorated ALX-induced sub-G(1) phase production from approximately 40% of control levels to 8.5 and 11.8%, respectively. NRWs restored serum insulin levels (p < 0.01) and reduced blood glucose levels (p < 0.01) in ALX-induced mice. Hita T. W. restored tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.05) activity but not tissue catalase activity. Hita T. W. did not elevate SOD or catalase activity in HIT-T15 cells. Nord. W. restored SOD (p < 0.05) and catalase (p < 0.05) activity in both cultured cells and pancreatic tissue to normal levels. Even though variable efficacies were observed between Hita T. W. and Nord. W., both waters suppressed ALX-induced DM development in CD-1 male mice by administering NRWs for 8 weeks. Our results suggest that Hita T. W. and Nord. W. protect against ALX-induced β-cell apoptosis, and prevent the development of ALX-induced DM in experimental animals by regulating ALX-derived ROS generation and elevating anti-oxidative enzymes. Therefore, the two NRWs tested here are promising candidates for the prevention of DM development.

Publish Year 2011
Country Japan
Rank Positive
Journal Cytotechnology
Primary Topic Pancreas
Secondary TopicDiabetes (Type I)
Model Cell Culture
Tertiary TopicOxidative Stress
Vehicle Water, Commercial (Nordenau, Hita Tenryosui, Kagoshima)
pH Alkaline
Application Culture Media
Comparison
Complement